Sunday, March 31, 2013

Jim Carrey Responds to Fox News: "A Media Colostomy Bag" (Little green footballs)

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Probation for 86-year-old who admitted 'mercy killing' of ailing elderly wife

By Brian Skoloff, The Associated Press

PHOENIX --?An 86-year-old man who carried out a mercy killing by shooting his ailing wife and high school sweetheart in the head was sentenced Friday to probation after an emotional hearing where family members tearfully spoke on his behalf.

George Sanders could have faced more than 12 years in prison after pleading guilty to manslaughter. The judge, who complimented the prosecutor for being "courageous" in recommending probation, allowed Sanders to walk out of the courtroom.

Judge John Ditsworth said his sentence of two years' probation was "individualized and tempers justice with mercy."

"It is very clear that he will never forget that his actions ended the life of his wife," Ditsworth said as Sanders stood at a podium, his hands clasped and shaking.


"In this set of facts, there was a perfect storm of individual circumstances which placed Mr. Sanders in a position where had to make a decision," Ditsworth said. "This set of facts hits close to home for all of us."

Sanders, wearing khakis and a white sport coat, spoke for only a minute about his love for his 81-year-old wife, Virginia Sanders, who he calls Ginger.

"Your honor, I met Ginger when she was 15 years old and I've loved her since she was 15 years old. I loved her when she was 81 years old," he said, trembling.

"It was a blessing, and I was happy to take care of her," Sanders continued. "I am sorry for all the grief and pain and sorrow I've caused people."

Sanders was arrested Nov. 9 after he says his wife begged him to shoot her at their home in the retirement community of Sun City outside Phoenix. He was initially charged with first-degree murder before reaching a plea agreement with prosecutors.

"The family very much loved their mother," prosecutor Blaine Gadow told the judge Friday as he recommended a sentence of probation, noting the "very unique, difficult circumstances of this case."

"I don't know where our society is going to go with cases like this, judge," Gadow said. "At this point in time, what Mr. Sanders did was a crime."

However, he added, "No one in the courtroom has forgotten the victim in this case."

Steve Sanders, the defendant's son, then spoke on behalf of his father, telling the judge the family never wanted him to be prosecuted.

"I want the court to know that I loved my mother dearly," he said. "But I would also like the court to know that I equally love my father."

Breaking down at time in tears, Steve Sanders explained how his father had been Virginia Sanders' sole caregiver as her health deteriorated.

"I fully believe that the doctor's visits, the appointments, the medical phone calls and the awaiting hospital bed led to the decision that my parents made together," he said. "I do not fault my father.

"A lot of people have hero figures in their life, LeBron James ... some world class figures ... but I have to tell you my lifelong hero is my dad," Steve Sanders told the judge, sobbing. He said his parents had been together for 62 years, "the love of his life, my mother."

Sanders grandson, Grant Sanders, then described what he called "a beautiful love story."

"My grandfather lived to love my grandmother, to serve and to make her feel as happy as he could every moment of their life," Grant Sanders said. "I truly believe that the pain had become too much for my grandmother to bear."

Sanders said his wife was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in 1969, and the couple moved from Washington state to Arizona in the 1970s for the warm, dry climate. She had been in a wheelchair since 1971.

Eventually, his own health deteriorated, and he said it became more difficult to care for his wife.

He said she was diagnosed with gangrene on her foot just a few days before the shooting and was set to be admitted to a hospital, then a nursing home.

"It was just the last straw," Sanders told a detective during his interrogation in November. "She didn't want to go to that hospital ... start cutting her toes off."

He said his wife begged him to kill her.

"I said, 'I can't do it honey,'" he told the detective. "She says, 'Yes you can.'"

Sanders then got his revolver and wrapped a towel around it so the bullet wouldn't go into the kitchen.

"She says, 'Is this going to hurt?' and I said, 'You won't feel a thing,'" he said.

"She was saying, 'Do it. Do it. Do it.' And I just let it go," Sanders added.

As he sentenced Sanders on Friday, Ditsworth recalled his drive home from court the day he accepted Sanders' plea. He said he tuned his radio to a talk show, "and I heard the name George Sanders and my curiosity piqued."

He said he listened for the next hour as about 25 callers expressed their opinions.

Many asked themselves, "What if this had happened to me? ... What if this were me, my brother, my wife?" Ditsworth said. "And it was overwhelming that the general public did not support Mr. Sanders' actions, but they understood them."?

?

? 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

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Mutually Abusive Relationship - Can Therapy Help?


General Relationship Discussion Although anyone can post anywhere on Talk About Marriage, this section is for people interested in general relationship and marriage advice.


Old Today, 10:49 AM ? #1 (permalink)

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Hello everyone!

I am new to the forum, and I am hoping I can get some good advice and input from people who have been through similar situations. Please forgive the length of this post but I want to give as many details as possible.

My SO and I have been together for a little over 6 years. I am 33 and he is 40. At times throughout the relationship, we have had issues. He has a very unstable background and has been cheated on in all his past relationships. I come from a very emotionally abusive background and witnessed both my parents fight constantly when I was young. My mother is also very controlling, abusive and manipulative.

That being said, we are now acting out our issues in a vicious cycle with each other that is not getting any better. It reached a point last week where I actually called my father to come help me move out. I am not afraid of physical abuse, but the emotional and mental abuse had gotten to be too much.

The typical cycle of the fight is this: I confront him with something, usually when I am frustrated. This is not usually something he is done, it is more like a situation that needs fixing (the cat tore one of the screens, something is wrong with the dryer, etc.). He either A. reacts non emotionally to me and we solve the problem together or B. reacts like he is being attacked and then shuts me down with some quick dismissal of the situation (why are you so uptight about it? how did I cause this problem and why are you yelling at me?, etc.). If the latter reaction happens, I then get mad that I am not being heard or that he is not listening to me and I do everything in my power to MAKE him hear me. This includes me yelling at him. If he walks out of the room I will follow him and talk to him until I am blue in the face. He will then at some point lose it with me, scream at me and call me every name in the book, and then leave the house. It should be noted that he has NEVER been physical with me. I, on the other hand, have shoved him, hit him on the shoulder, and thrown things at him. He is VERY verbally abusive with the name calling.

The last straw was where he told me he wanted me out of his house and out of his life, and then proceeded to tell me what I was doing to him was the equivalent of him spitting on me (he illustrated this by spitting on my feet) and then just saying I was sorry and expecting him to be fine. That was it for me. I said fine, you want me out then I am gone.

I left, went to stay at my mother in law's house for the night and then went back the next day with my Dad when he was not home to get all of my things. When he came home and saw everything gone, he lost it. Called me, begged me to come home. Asked if my Dad would be willing to talk to both of us and act as mediator. (It should be noted that my Dad and Mom are now divorced and that my Dad went through intense therapy to overcome his issues in the marriage. He is currently going through classes to become a certified counselor to help others who are in his former situation.)

My Dad listened to both of us for over three hours and came to the conclusion that I am abusing my SO by berating him verbally when I feel like I am not being heard. My SO is abusing me when he is calling me names. He suggested we go to counseling, and both SO and I agreed. We are starting next week.

Here are my issues:

1. Deep down, I feel like what I have done to my SO is not nearly as bad as what he has done to me.

2. I feel like my SO does not accept responsibility for his actions ie. "If she didn't just keep pushing me, I would never get to the point of calling her those names".

These are (I think) going to be the two main things we are really going to have to work on.

Does anyone have any advice for this?

I will say that we do genuinely love each other and we both do want things to be better. I would also say that not all aspects of the relationship are broken. Neither one of us seeks the other out to abuse them ie. he doesn't just come into the room and say "hey you suck" and I don't just pick a fight to pick a fight. And we do laugh. We laugh so much with each other. Overall I think it's mostly good, we just have one aspect that is unfortunately REALLY bad.

Again, we both want to work this out. "Just leave him" is not the response I am looking for from anyone. I feel like we do have a good shot with counseling, and I am looking for advice on what I can do to make the counseling as effective as possible.

Thanks in advance for any imput!

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Old Today, 11:00 AM ? #2 (permalink)

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My Dad listened to both of us for over three hours and came to the conclusion that I am abusing my SO by berating him verbally when I feel like I am not being heard. My SO is abusing me when he is calling me names
I think your Dad is right about both of you. A relationship without respect isn't much of a relationship.

For the record you equally are mistreating one another, it's not you doing something worse or he doing something worse, it's both of you on your worst behavior.

And let's go further. You say you feel he's not accepting responsibility for his actions... what you are saying is that he is responsible for controlling his temper. This is true. But so are YOU. What responsibility are you taking for that? There is such thing as cause and effect. Yelling at him will produce... what? That's right, an equally offensive response (since you both lack self control).

Following him around yelling at him is bullying. If you don't want to get called out of your name, you need to knock it off. Not saying his reaction is right, but you are setting yourself up to be hurt when you do that.

Glad you're going to therapy together. I hope you get some new tools for communicating better.

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Old Today, 12:05 PM ? #5 (permalink)

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A Bit Much - I agree. I am willing to acknowlege that what I am doing as wrong, but I also don't want him to use that as a get out of jail free card in therapy like "she does this, so I do that". I mean, at the end of the day, he chooses what to say to me. Nothing justifies either of our behaviors.

Jamison - We are starting counseling ASAP.

Josh - Yes ! I do realize that! That's why I said I think those are the two things we have to REALLY work on. We both think that what we are doing to the other one is no big deal, and that what the other is doing to us is huge. Neither one of us thinks that OUR OWN behavior is really that bad.

All - Are there any questions that I could ask a therapist or any topics to bring up that would be beneficial?

Also, the fallout with my girlfriends has been awful. They all know about the last fight, they know my Dad came up, and now they know we're trying counseling. With the exception of a couple of them, they all think I am Rhianna and he is Chris Brown. A few of them have outright told me I am crazy and just a battered woman who is running back to her abuser.

It's starting to make me think I AM crazy. Again, he has NEVER been physically abusive with me. Not one single time. I also have never felt threatened in that way.

I feel like, even if we go to counseling and get help and things change that those friendships will never be the same. Is this something I just have to accept?

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Old Today, 12:18 PM ? #6 (permalink)

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Also, the fallout with my girlfriends has been awful. They all know about the last fight, they know my Dad came up, and now they know we're trying counseling. With the exception of a couple of them, they all think I am Rhianna and he is Chris Brown. A few of them have outright told me I am crazy and just a battered woman who is running back to her abuser.

It's starting to make me think I AM crazy. Again, he has NEVER been physically abusive with me. Not one single time. I also have never felt threatened in that way.

I feel like, even if we go to counseling and get help and things change that those friendships will never be the same. Is this something I just have to accept?

This is what happens when you allow your friends to be all up in your business, and your Dad too. I wasn't going to comment before but now I see there are all these other people between you I should say it's not a good idea to do that.

One thing you should remember when you want to overshare is that you will let things go and forgive once you calm down... you move on and it's a brand new day and you're all in love again. Your friends, your family don't. They don't love him and don't share what you share together. They hear the bad stuff and it stays with them long after you've let it all go.

It's exactly what happened to Chris and Rihanna. See how they got back together? Well not one of us is IN their relationship, we judge what they put out there to us and it looked really bad. At the end of the day though, she forgives him and loves him anyway. Others may not like it, but honestly it's not our business, it's theirs.

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Old Today, 01:01 PM ? #11 (permalink)

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Quote:

The typical cycle of the fight is this: I confront him with something, usually when I am frustrated. This is not usually something he is done, it is more like a situation that needs fixing (the cat tore one of the screens, something is wrong with the dryer, etc.). He either A. reacts non emotionally to me and we solve the problem together or B. reacts like he is being attacked and then shuts me down with some quick dismissal of the situation (why are you so uptight about it? how did I cause this problem and why are you yelling at me?, etc.). If the latter reaction happens, I then get mad that I am not being heard or that he is not listening to me and I do everything in my power to MAKE him hear me. This includes me yelling at him. If he walks out of the room I will follow him and talk to him until I am blue in the face. He will then at some point lose it with me, scream at me and call me every name in the book, and then leave the house. It should be noted that he has NEVER been physical with me. I, on the other hand, have shoved him, hit him on the shoulder, and thrown things at him. He is VERY verbally abusive with the name calling.

I think part of your cycle is that as you state here, you come to him with something that isnt a confrontational issue AS a confrontation.: " I confront him with something, usually when I am frustrated. This is not usually something he is done, it is more like a situation that needs fixing ". Why would you "confront" him about issues like these? It sounds like his defenses immediately go up because you come at him with both guns blazing, instead of like, "hey, can you help me with something?" And NO ONE wants someone following them around screaming their fool head off at them, either. You are lucky he hasnt popped you one for that actually, its probably just a matter of time if you continue. I think you would do well to change your approach to him, ease up. You seem full of a lot of anger and resentment, and what you are doing is counterproductive. I am seeing that YOU are the one being abusive in this situation, and he is responding to that. Responding badly, yes, and that is what HE needs to work on.
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Source: http://talkaboutmarriage.com/general-relationship-discussion/70396-mutually-abusive-relationship-can-therapy-help.html

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Dufnering: A sleepy pose makes Dufner

HUMBLE, Texas (AP) ? Jason Dufner was sitting in a classroom with children for a charity event when he leaned against a wall and zoned out for a minute.

That's all it took for one photo that went viral and made Dufner a Twitter sensation.

Dufner, dressed in a red golf shirt, is shown slouched against the wall at J. Erik Jonsson Community School in Dallas, next to two children who are listening intently to the teacher. His legs are erect, his arms stiff at his side, and he has a vacant look on his face. Dufner is known for showing little emotion, even with a major championship at stake. He looks even more lifeless in this photo.

"Just caught me at a perfect time," Dufner said Friday from Auburn, Ala. "The funny thing about it is the photo taken represents how I act all the time. It was a sheer moment of 'Jason Dufner' by whoever captured the moment for the 30 seconds I checked out."

That would be Christine Lee of KXAS-TV, a video journalist for the NBC affiliate in Dallas who was covering Dufner's appearance at the school.

Dufner won the Byron Nelson Championship last year. The Salesmanship Club of Dallas, which runs the tournament, directs some of its charitable proceeds to the school for disadvantaged children. To drum up publicity as the defending champion, Dufner made an appearance at the school Thursday.

He never imagined where it would lead.

Lee took a photo of Dufner in that perfect moment and gave it to sports anchor David Watkins, who posted it to Twitter.

Among those who saw it was Keegan Bradley, who beat Dufner in a playoff for the 2011 PGA Championship and has been engaged in friendly banter over the last month. And it took off from there.

Dufner's name became a verb. It's call "dufnering."

Luke Donald tweeted a photo of a pillow under his shirt as he slouched against the wall in his home. Rory McIlroy was dufnering in his hotel room, and he couldn't stop talking about it Friday at the Houston Open. At one point in his round, he walked behind the 13th green, saw a reporter and said, "Did you see the Dufner photo? How good is that? That's the greatest thing I've ever seen!"

Bubba Watson was dufnering against his General Lee 01 car. Dufner even got in on the act Friday, dufnering in the weight room at Auburn.

Those who think it's an example of a professional golfer who couldn't be bothered spending time in a classroom with children were missing the point. Dufner always looks that way. Even in the PGA playoff at Atlanta Athletic Club, he didn't appear to have a pulse.

In an era when players don't always return to the cities where they won, Dufner participated in two media days in one week. He was in New Orleans on Wednesday (the Zurich Open was his first PGA Tour win), and then headed to Dallas for the classroom.

The subject?

"They were talking about focusing and relaxation," Dufner said, a master at the latter. "They have some big test coming up for the class on ways to relax and concentrate. And I guess I took it to another level."

After all the Twitter photos of people "dufnering," the man himself finally replied.

"What can I say, I was tired, my back hurt from sitting on the floor, and we were talking about relaxation and focusing. (hash)dufnering" he tweeted.

By then, it was all the rage.

Dufner thought nothing of the charity event until he arrived at the airport and noticed the photo had been posted on Deadspin. Bradley took over from there.

"Every time I looked at it, I laughed harder than the first time," Bradley said from the Houston Open. "Dufner is so funny with some of the things he does. That's him."

Bradley said he has never seen his Twitter account fill up with thousands of pictures and responses, and he was stunned to wake up Friday morning to see that "dufnering" was trending on Twitter, especially during the NCAA basketball tournament and American idol.

When he arrived at Redstone on Friday morning, he got together with Dustin Johnson and Brandt Snedeker for a "dufnering" pose by the putting green.

"I saw a basketball player doing it in the locker room," Snedeker said. "I never knew Dufner had such a wide range of appeal. His personality is not a welcoming personality. But once you get to know him, he's actually one of the funniest guys you'll ever meet. He just doesn't give you anything on the golf course."

Snedeker's impression of the photo?

"It looks like someone put him in timeout," he said.

Dufner, however, figures he's getting the last laugh. Hardly anyone knew who he was two years ago. Then, he lost a four-shot lead with three holes to play in the PGA Championship and wound up losing to Bradley in a playoff. He handled the loss with dignity and ? as always ? no emotion. A year later, he won in New Orleans and Dallas in the span of a month, and played on his first Ryder Cup team, winning three of four matches.

"I think Keegan tried to use it against me but it blew up in his face with all the publicity," Dufner said with a chuckle.

So what's next? Dufnering at Augusta National during the Masters?

"Oh, for sure," McIlroy said. "I would 'Dufner' on the lawn. No. On the tree out back by the clubhouse."

About the only person not caught up in all the hype is Dufner's wife, Amanda.

"She gets to see me 'dufnering' the most," Dufner said.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/dufnering-sleepy-pose-makes-dufner-210801833--golf.html

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Saturday, March 30, 2013

Twitter music app reportedly includes Vevo, may expand to more services

Twitter music app reportedly includes Vevo, may expand to more services

As much as we're intrigued by the prospect of Twitter's music app, the rumored emphasis on SoundCloud would potentially limit the selection given major label resistance to giving away ad-free content: we'd expect a lot of DJ sets and indie demos. A supposed leak from AllThingsD has Twitter catering to the less adventurous among us by adding Vevo support. While the full workings of the rumored app remain a mystery, Twitter would reportedly play Vevo's mostly pop-oriented music videos through a custom player. It might not be the only service involved, too: the same tips suggest that Twitter wants to round up multiple services, and the two that have surfaced so far are just the first to hop aboard. We have a hunch that the expanded app (if real) won't make the originally claimed March launch when we're already at the last weekday of the month, but the latest tidbit suggests Twitter is far from giving up on turning microblogs into mini jukeboxes.

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Source: AllThingsD

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Congressional inaction could cost college students

FILE - In this Feb. 15, 2012 file photo, a Stanford University student walks in front of Hoover Tower on the Stanford University campus in Palo Alto, Calif. Congressional inaction could end up costing college students an extra $5,000 on their new loans. The rate for subsidized Stafford loans is set to increase from 3.4 percent to 6.8 percent on July 1, just as millions of new college students start signing up for fall courses. The difference between the two rates adds up to $6 billion. (AP Photo/Paul Sakuma, File)

FILE - In this Feb. 15, 2012 file photo, a Stanford University student walks in front of Hoover Tower on the Stanford University campus in Palo Alto, Calif. Congressional inaction could end up costing college students an extra $5,000 on their new loans. The rate for subsidized Stafford loans is set to increase from 3.4 percent to 6.8 percent on July 1, just as millions of new college students start signing up for fall courses. The difference between the two rates adds up to $6 billion. (AP Photo/Paul Sakuma, File)

WASHINGTON (AP) ? Congressional inaction could end up costing college students an extra $5,000 on their new loans.

The rate for subsidized Stafford loans is set to increase from 3.4 percent to 6.8 percent on July 1, just as millions of new college students start signing up for fall courses. The difference between the two rates adds up to $6 billion.

Just a year ago, lawmakers faced a similar deadline and dodged the rate increase amid the heated presidential campaign between President Barack Obama and Republican challenger Mitt Romney. But that was with the White House up for grabs and before Washington was consumed by budget standoffs that now seem routine.

"What is definitely clear, this time around, there doesn't seem to be as much outcry," said Justin Draeger, president of the National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators. "We're advising our members to tell students that the interest rates are going to double on new student loans, to 6.8 percent."

The new rates apply only to those who take new subsidized loans. Students with outstanding subsidized loans are not expected to see their loan rates increase unless they take out a new subsidized Stafford loan. Students' nonsubsidized loans are not expected to change, nor are loans from commercial lenders.

But it translates to real money for incoming college freshmen who could end up paying back $5,000 more for the same maxed-out student loans their older siblings have.

House Education Committee Chairman John Kline, R-Minn., and the committee's senior Democrat, George Miller of California, prefer to keep rates at their current levels but have not outlined how they might accomplish that goal. Rep. Karen Bass, D-Calif., last week introduced a proposal that would permanently cap the interest rate at 3.4 percent.

Adding another perspective to the debate, Obama will release his budget proposal on April 10.

Neither party's budget proposal in Congress has money specifically set aside to keep student loans at their current rate. The House Republicans' budget would double the interest rates on newly issued subsidized loans to help balance the federal budget in a decade. Senate Democrats say they want to keep the interest rates at their current levels, but the budget they passed last week does not set aside money to keep the rates low.

In any event, neither side is likely to get what it wants. And that could lead to confusion for students as they receive their college admission letters and financial aid packages.

"Two ideas ... have been introduced so far ? neither of which is likely to go very far," said Terry Hartle, the top lobbyist for colleges at the American Council on Education.

House Republicans, led by Budget Committee Chairman Paul Ryan, R-Wis., have outlined a spending plan that would shift the interest rates back to their pre-2008 levels. Congress in 2007 lowered the rate to 6 percent for new loans started during the 2008 academic year, then down to 5.6 percent in 2009, to 4.5 percent in 2010 and then to the current 3.4 percent a year later.

Senate Democrats, led by Sen. Patty Murray, D-Wash., say their budget proposal would permanently keep the student rates low. But their budget document doesn't explicitly cover the $6 billion annual cost. Instead, its committee report included a window for the Senate Health, Education and Pension Committee to pass a student loan-rate fix down the road.

But so far, the money isn't there. And if the committee wants to keep the rates where they are, they will have to find a way to pay for them, either through cuts to programs in the budget or by adding new taxes.

"Spending is measured in numbers, not words," said Jason Delisle, a former Republican staffer on the Senate Budget Committee and now director of the New America Foundation's Federal Budget Project. "The Murray budget does not include funding for any changes to student loans."

Some two-thirds of students are graduating with loans exceeding $25,000; 1 in 10 borrowers owes more than $54,000 in loans. And student-loan debt now tops $1 trillion. For those students, the rates make significant differences in how much they have to pay back each month.

The Congressional Budget Office estimates that of the almost $113 billion in new student loans the government made this year, more than $38 billion will be lost to defaults, even after Washington collects what it can through wage garnishments.

The net cost to taxpayers after most students pay back their loans with interest is $5.7 billion. If the rate increases, Washington will be collecting more interest from new students' loans.

For some, though, the interest rates seem arbitrary and have little to do with interest rates available for other purchases such as homes or cars.

"Burdening students with 6.8 percent loans when interest rates in the economy are at historic lows makes no sense," said Lauren Asher, president of the Institute for College Access and Success.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-03-29-Student%20Loans/id-3e426bd760f94c45beef8689c7f2b7d7

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E. coli outbreak sickens 24 in U.S.: CDC

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - A U.S. outbreak of E. coli has sickened 24 people, with Farm Rich frozen food suspected as a likely source of the infection, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said on Friday.

The outbreak strain of Shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli O121, or STEC O121, has been reported in 15 states, the CDC said in a statement.

New York state health officials found the strain in an open package of Farm Rich brand frozen chicken quesadillas from an ill person's home, the CDC said.

Rich Products Corp. of Buffalo, New York, recalled about 196,222 pounds (89,000 kg) of its Farm Rich brand frozen chicken quesadillas and several other frozen mini meals and snack items on Thursday because they might be contaminated, the CDC said.

The Department of Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration are also investigating to find the source of infections, the CDC said.

(Reporting by Ian Simpson; Editing by Eric Beech)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/e-coli-outbreak-sickens-24-u-cdc-005848196.html

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Friday Night Lights and Leather Pants

Pulitzer Prize winner and author Buzz Bissinger attends the premiere of "Off the Rez" during the 2011 Tribeca Film Festival at SVA Theater on April 26, 2011 in New York City.  Author Buzz Bissinger in 2011

Photo by Michael Loccisano/Getty Images

Every weekend, Longform shares a collection of great stories from its archive with Slate. For daily picks of new and classic nonfiction, check out Longform or follow @longform on Twitter. Have an iPad? Download Longform?s app to read the latest picks, plus features from 70 of the world?s best magazines, including Slate.

Assuming you were anywhere near the Internet this week, you probably heard that Buzz Bissinger, the Pulitzer-Prize winner and author of Friday Night Lights, has spend more than $600,000 on expensive, and often bizarre, leather clothing. Read ?My Gucci Addiction,? his sprawling, confessional essay published Tuesday by GQ, then read these amazing pre-Gucci Bissinger stories:

Friday Night Lights
Sports Illustrated
? September 1990

Before the show, before the movie, there was Bissinger?s tale of the 1988 Permian Panther football team and the small West Texas city of Odessa, where he lived with a family for a year.

?The faithful sat on little stools of orange and blue under the merciless lights of the high school cafeteria, but the spartan setting didn't bother them a bit. Had the booster club's Watermelon Feed been held inside the county jail, or on a sinking ship, or on the side of a craggy mountain, these fans still would have flocked there.

?Outside, the August night was cool and serene, with just a wisp of West Texas wind. Inside, there was a sense of excitement and also relief, for the waiting was basically over?no more sighs of longing, no more awkward groping to fill up the empty spaces of time with golf games and thoroughly unsatisfying talk about baseball. Tonight the boys of Permian High School in Odessa would come before the crowd, one by one, to be introduced. And in less than two weeks, on the first Friday night in September, the march to state?to the Texas high school championship finals?would begin with the first game of the season."

The Killing Trail
Vanity Fair
? February 1995?

The story of eight gay men in Texas murdered by teenage boys.

?On a frigid night in east Texas in 1993, just a few weeks before Christmas, a 23-year-old gay man named Nicholas West is abducted from Bergfeld Park in Tyler. He is taken to a hilly isolated area of red clay nicknamed the Pits, a place where pleas for mercy evaporate under the cold shine of the stars. He is punched, kicked and slapped across the face with a .357 magnum. When he falls to the ground, utterly alone and helpless in that marrow of darkness, blood oozing out of his eye, his three abductors gather around him with their arsenal of loaded weapons. Then the shooting begins?so many entrance and exit wounds that by the time of the autopsy, West?s body looks like a stickpin doll. There are at least 9 bullets, the first in the abdomen, then several through the arms and hands, then at least 4 up the back in a pattern as neatly spaced as the buttons on a shirt. Eight shots at that point, but Nicholas is still alive, his breath reduced to a tiny gurgle, until the final shot is fired into the back of his head. Then he is left on that field of red clay, face down, without shoes or pants, his arms by his sides and his legs spread apart like those of a sleeping child, the bottom of his socks red from the clay, and his underwear soiled by a fear that none of us could ever know.

?After the murder, one of the killers rides around in the red Mazda truck that West had driven to the park that night. Impressed by the power of the truck, he squeals the tires the way the drag racers do it. Then he goes on over to the laundromat on Troup Highway in Tyler to do a load of wash.?

Shattered Glass
Vanity Fair
? September 1998

At 25, Stephen Glass was a reporter wunderkind, regularly filing incredible pieces for the largest magazines. When suspicion fell on his sources, things started to really get strange. It wasn?t just sources and organizations he was inventing, but whole stories.

?For those two and a half years, the Stephen Glass show played to a captivated audience; then the curtain abruptly fell. He got away with his mind games because of the remarkable industry he applied to the production of the false backup materials which he methodically used to deceive legions of editors and fact checkers. Glass created fake letterheads, memos, faxes, and phone numbers; he presented fake handwritten notes, fake typed notes from imaginary events written with intentional misspellings, fake diagrams of who sat where at meetings that never transpired, fake voice mails from fake sources. He even inserted fake mistakes into his fake stories so fact checkers would catch them and feel as if they were doing their jobs. He wasn?t, obviously, too lazy to report. He apparently wanted to present something better, more colorful and provocative, than mere truth offered.?

Gone Like the Wind
Vanity Fair ?
August 2007

After one of the most decisive wins in Kentucky Derby history, Barbaro broke his leg at the Preakness, ending a promising career and beginning a herculean effort to save his life.

?But the problem for Gretchen Jackson was she did fall in love with a horse. She fell in love with him because when he was in his element on the racecourse there were moments he ran with such joy and abandon that he actually flew, all four feet off the ground. She fell in love with him because of the way he soldiered on after he was tragically hurt in the Preakness Stakes in May 2006, his sense of self so intact that he bit one veterinarian smack on the butt and ran a masseuse out of the stall. She fell in love with him because of the gleam in his eyes, still bright, during those dark days in July 2006 when both his rear lower limbs became a medical nightmare, and she wrote in the private journal she kept:

?It's not good. Oh my God I am so concerned. Dear Lord we cannot let the bright light fade, flicker, die. We must conquer. Where are you God in my suffering? Are you holding my hands showing me full moons and breezy nights? Yes Lord, they are magnificent but my heart is looking at Barbaro. That is not the horse that won the derby.

?She fell in love with him because of the way he was trying to communicate, Don't give up on me yet. She fell in love with him because of the way he rallied after that. And then she fell in love with him because of the way he died.?

To Bean or Not to Bean
Sports Illustrated
? March 2005

On the retaliation ethics of baseball.

?But once he is convinced of malicious intent, deciding how to respond is just as hard--an agony even worse for him than losing. ?The responsibilities and the consequences are huge,? La Russa says. Thrown baseballs have ended careers; one player, Cleveland Indians shortstop Ray Chapman, died as a result of a beaning in 1920. In meetings with pitchers during spring training, La Russa issued clear guidelines: Any message had to be aimed at the ribs or below. Nothing above the shoulders would be tolerated.

?La Russa knows that over the years he has gained a reputation for being vengeful at times when vengeance did not seem necessary. He is also known as something of a headhunter himself, but La Russa asserts that he has never told a pitcher to throw at a hitter simply because the batter was too dangerous and needed to be quieted down. ?If a guy is hitting good against us,? he says, ?I have never told a pitcher to go out and drill him. I have said, 'Pitch the guy tough, pitch the guy different.' If a pitcher does something on his own, I will take him out. You can pitch a hitter inside. You can try to open up the plate on him, get him to speed up the bat. But you do not drill him.? ?

Buzz Bissinger: A Savior for the City
Sandy Hingston ? Philadelphia Weekly ? May 2010

A profile of Bissinger as he returned to his old stomping grounds, the Philadelphia Inquirer.

?In person, Buzz vacillates between prickly and pacific. There?s a pattern to how he answers questions; he starts out calm and rational and then shifts into irate gear. ?I am opinionated, passionate,? he allows. ?I have strong feelings.? And he vents them, in conversation and in his writing. He?s furious at Philadelphia politicians, at patronage, at the proposed soda tax, at his fellow Inquirer columnists, who never tackle local issues and don?t even live in the city, especially Rick Santorum, who so far as Buzz can tell dwells ?in a world all his own.? That?s the simple explanation for why he said yes when Inky editor-in-chief Bill Marimow invited him back, 20-plus years after he last set foot in the newsroom. ?There was a void, a vacuum,? Buzz says. ?Nothing ever changes in this city. I knew all these guys. No one was holding them accountable.? So Buzz has taken on all comers. ?I am tired of defense attorneys using loopholes that have nothing to do with guilt or innocence,? he wrote in December, ?and I wonder how these suckerfish can sleep at night knowing that all they have done is increase the already unconscionable probability that an innocent citizen will be robbed or even killed.? He skewered ex-mayor John Street: ?[N]ever have I seen a human being who went so unfortunately out of his way to be remote, resistant, removed, repulsed by the sight of others.? And he called the mighty out by name; in March, he eviscerated Foxwoods? Lew Katz, Ed Snider, and Ron Rubin, saying they had ?the swag and swagger that come with always getting what you want because of who you know.?

? ?That?s what the assignment is,? says Buzz?s old friend David Cohen. ?To be tough and provocative, and advance the civic discussion of the city.? But Buzz?s ?Half Empty? column isn?t just a platform from which he can speak ? well, scream ? truth to power. There?s also the matter of Steve Lopez. Lopez wrote a column for the Inquirer back in the day, and though he moved on to Time Inc. in the ?90s and the L.A. Times the in 2001, ?The Inquirer still misses Steve Lopez,? says PR kingpin Larry Ceisler, also a longtime friend of Buzz. Buzz allows that Lopez is one reason he came back, but frames it differently: ?I want to prove he isn?t the only columnist the Inquirer ever had. I want to eradicate the memory of Steve Lopez. Because I?m a competitive little shit.? ?

Have a favorite piece that we missed? Leave the link in the comments or tweet it to @longform. For more great writing, check out Longform?s complete archive.

Source: http://feeds.slate.com/click.phdo?i=b2af293671418be025dce10a23291616

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Even graphene has weak spots

Mar. 28, 2013 ? Graphene, the single-atom-thick form of carbon, has become famous for its extraordinary strength. But less-than-perfect sheets of the material show unexpected weakness, according to researchers at Rice University in Houston and Tsinghua University in Beijing.

The kryptonite to this Superman of materials is in the form of a seven-atom ring that inevitably occurs at the junctions of grain boundaries in graphene, where the regular array of hexagonal units is interrupted. At these points, under tension, polycrystalline graphene has about half the strength of pristine samples of the material.

Calculations by the Rice team of theoretical physicist Boris Yakobson and his colleagues in China were reported this month in the American Chemical Society journal Nano Letters. They could be important to materials scientists using graphene in applications where its intrinsic strength is a key feature, like composite materials and stretchable or flexible electronics.

Graphene sheets grown in a lab, often via chemical vapor deposition, are almost neverperfect arrays of hexagons, Yakobson said. Domains of graphene that start to grow on a substrate are not necessarily lined up with each other, and when these islands merge, they look like quilts, with patterns going in every direction.

The lines in polycrystalline sheets are called grain boundaries, and the atoms at these boundaries are occasionally forced to change the way they bond by the unbreakable rules of topology. Most common of the "defects" in graphene formation studied by Yakobson's group are adjacent five- and seven-atom rings that are a little weaker than the hexagons around them.

The team calculated that the particular seven-atom rings found at junctions of three islands are the weakest points, where cracks are most likely to form. These are the end points of grain boundaries between the islands and are ongoing trouble spots, the researchers found.

"In the past, people studying what happens at the grain boundary looked at it as an infinite line," Yakobson said. "It's simpler that way, computationally and conceptually, because they could just look at a single segment and have it represent the whole."

But in the real world, he said, "these lines form a network. Graphene is usually a quilt made from many pieces. I thought we should test the junctions."

They determined through molecular dynamics simulation and "good old mathematical analysis" that in a graphene quilt, the grain boundaries act like levers that amplify the tension (through a dislocation pileup) and concentrate it at the defect either where the three domains meet or where a grain boundary between two domains ends. "The details are complicated but, basically, the longer the lever, the greater the amplification on the weakest point," Yakobson said. "The force is concentrated there, and that's where it starts breaking."

"Force on these junctions starts the cracks, and they propagate like cracks in a windshield," said Vasilii Artyukhov, a postdoctoral researcher at Rice and co-author of the paper. "In metals, cracks stop eventually because they become blunt as they propagate. But in brittle materials, that doesn't happen. And graphene is a brittle material, so a crack might go a really long way."

Yakobson said that conceptually, the calculations show what metallurgists recognize as the Hall-Petch Effect, a measure of the strength of crystalline materials with similar grain boundaries. "It's one of the pillars of large-scale material mechanics," he said. "For graphene, we call this a pseudo Hall-Petch, because the effect is very similar even though the mechanism is very different.

"Any defect, of course, does something to the material," Yakobson said. "But this finding is important because you cannot avoid the effect in polycrystalline graphene. It's also ironic, because polycrystals are often considered when larger domains are needed. We show that as it gets larger, it gets weaker.

"If you need a patch of graphene for mechanical performance, you'd better go for perfect monocrystals or graphene with rather small domains that reduce the stress concentration."

Co-authors of the paper are graduate student Zhigong Song and his adviser, Zhiping Xu, an associate professor of engineering mechanics at Tsinghua. Xu is a former researcher in Yakobson's group at Rice. Yakobson is Rice's Karl F. Hasselmann Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and professor of chemistry.

The Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the National Science Foundation supported the work at Rice. The National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program and Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology of China supported the work at Tsinghua.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Rice University.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Zhigong Song, Vasilii I. Artyukhov, Boris I. Yakobson, Zhiping Xu. Pseudo Hall?Petch Strength Reduction in Polycrystalline Graphene. Nano Letters, 2013; : 130325121321001 DOI: 10.1021/nl400542n

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/xg9lzfuF17M/130328142410.htm

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No vaginas please, it?s Idaho (Americablog)

Share With Friends: Share on FacebookTweet ThisPost to Google-BuzzSend on GmailPost to Linked-InSubscribe to This Feed | Rss To Twitter | Politics - Top Stories News, RSS and RSS Feed via Feedzilla.

Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/295321908?client_source=feed&format=rss

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Friday, March 29, 2013

Pfizer gets new rebuff from UK cost body for cancer drug

By Dave Warner (Reuters) - The winner of one of the biggest Powerball jackpots of all time owes $29,000 in overdue child support payments, the Passaic County, New Jersey, sheriff's office said on Thursday. Pedro Quezada, 44, a county resident who is married and the father of five children ages 5 to 23, was the sole winner of a $338 million jackpot on Saturday. Because he chose the lump sum option, instead of annual payments over 30 years, he will actually receive $211 million, lottery officials said on Thursday. Officials said that is the third-largest lump sum payment in Powerball history. ...

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/pfizer-gets-rebuff-uk-cost-body-cancer-drug-000407709--finance.html

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Sea hares' sticky defence uncovered

The sea hare, a soft-bodied marine creature, uses a sticky secretion to fool hungry predators, say scientists.

The slow-moving animals are known for defending themselves by squirting an off-putting mixture of purple ink and a white substance called opaline.

However, exactly how this sticky opaline is used to deter predators was previously unknown.

Now scientists have shown the substance coats predators' antennae, deactivating their chemical senses.

Researchers suggested that with their sense of smell blocked predators lose their appetite and spend a long time cleaning themselves of the sticky coating, allowing the sea hares to escape.

The team from Georgia State University, Atlanta, US said that their study is the first time "sensory inactivation" as a defence against predators has been shown in an experiment.

Details of their findings are published in the Journal of Experimental Biology.

Research team member Dr Charles Derby described the finding as "significant".

"It is the first demonstration involving not only the chemical senses, but to our knowledge, for any sensory system," he told BBC Nature.

Watch an "inking" sea hare uses its sticky opaline defence to block a spiny lobster's sense of smell

Ink squirting

Wild sea hares have a variety of defensive adaptations, including chemicals found in their skin and skin mucus as well as their ability to squirt ink secretion onto predators.

"Inking is a last line of defence," explained Dr Derby, "[It is] only produced when the sea hare is taken into the mouth of a fish or only after being bitten by a lobster."

The purple ink and sticky white opaline squirted during "inking" are produced in separate glands, and sea hares can release them separately or together.

To simulate how opaline affects predators' chemical senses in the wild, the research team used an extract taken from sea hares' glands and painted it onto the antennules - the first pair of antennae and olfactory organs - of spiny lobsters in water tanks.

With the predators' antennules coated with the sticky substance, Dr Derby and his colleagues presented the lobsters with the appetising odour of "shrimp juice".

Continue reading the main story

The strange lives of sea hares

Sea hares are gastropod molluscs. They appear to have no shells, but in fact do have small, completely internal ones.

Aplysia is the name of the sea hare genus, which contains many different species found around the world.

Other than their chemical defences, sea hares' large size puts off many predators: some species grow up to 70cm in length.

The creatures are called sea hares because of the resemblance of some species to a sitting hare.

They then measured the electrical activity in the chemosensory and motor neurons in their antennules which detect odours and are responsible for sending signals from the brain to the muscles.

Both types of neuron are activated by food odours and are essential for the animal's motivation and ability to feed.

The team found that the spiny lobsters' responses to tasty smells were significantly reduced when their antennae were blocked compared to when they were clean.

The finding that sticky opaline physically limits predators' reception of food odours represents one of at least three ways sea hares use ink secretion as a defence.

Dr Derby's previous studies have also shown high concentrations of amino acids in ink can be appetising to some animals, effectively acting as a distraction.

"A lobster, when it bites a sea hare and gets a whiff of the ink, will drop the sea hare and attend to the ink secretion," he explained.

And off-putting chemical compounds found in the ink such as aplysioviolin, which gives it its purple colour, also help drive away attackers.

"Sea hares have many potential predators, each with feeding habits [and] sensory systems... So, some chemicals may work on some predators and not on others," said Dr Derby, explaining the animals' multiple defences.

"A combination of mechanisms acting simultaneously may be more effective than any one alone."

Join BBC Nature on Facebook and Twitter @BBCNature.

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/21929070

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Thursday, March 28, 2013

What's Happening in Clifden and Connemara? | B&B Ireland Bed ...

St Patrick's Day Parade in Clifden ConnemaraJust over a week ago, Clifden celebrated St. Patrick?s Day.? In spite of the morning showers and threats of downpours throughout the day, the weather held out and Clifden had a very successful St. Patrick?s Day Parade. ?There was great participation including a marching band, children from local schools, stilt walkers, Connemara ponies and the award winning float by the Bridge Club that featured the ?Pope Benedict? and ?Pope Francis?!

Clifden and Connemara have put together a great calendar of events over the next few months including an Easter egg hunt in the Victorian Walled Gardens of Kylemore Abbey on 31st March, Clifden Traditional Music Festival taking place from 5-7th April and the 2013 Connemarathon on the 7th April.Connemara Mussell Festival in Clifden Connemara Ireland

Commencing on the 3rd May is the famous Connemara Mussel Festival. This fantastic three day event is a great festival that all the family will enjoy. There is a packed calendar of events organised including professional cookery demonstrations, best chef cook-offs, a country market, live music, walks, talks and lots of children?s activities.

Also running from the 3rd ? 5th May is the Leenane Mountain Walking Festival. A variety of walks will take place and all hikes will be guided by qualified and experienced hikers. Transport to and from starting and finishing points will be provided. This is a well run and popular walking festival that is suitable for walkers of all skill levels.

Leenane Mountain Walking Festival Clifden Connemara Ireland
So think about coming to the West of Ireland and enjoy a visit to magical and mystical Connemara. Why not stay in B&B accommodation to get a real and authentic feel ofIreland? Staying with an Irish family with enable you to experience the local culture and mix with the local community, ensuring you get the most out of your stay in this beautiful and scenic location.

Source: http://blog.bandbireland.com/2013/03/whats-happening-in-clifden-and-connemara/

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The genetics of prostate cancer (Science Alert)


paulhakimata_prostatecancer_ShutterstockProstate-cancer related variations in DNA can increase the risk of developing this disease by nearly 50%. In the image: prostate cancer cells in tissue culture.

Image: Paul Hakimata Photography/Shutterstock

DNA research identifies genetic risks for prostate, breast and ovarian cancers

New research has identified more than 80 genetic variations that can increase a person's risk of prostate, breast and ovarian cancers.

Three QUT scientists were part of the largest-ever study of its type, which could lead to improved early screening and new treatments.

The international team studied the DNA of 200,000 people to identify genetic variations, called single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), that are associated with the risk of developing prostate, breast and ovarian cancer.

The research appears in Nature Genetics.

Genetics scientist with QUT's Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI) Dr Jyotsna Batra said each variation increased the risk of developing cancer by a small amount.

However, the cancer risk multiplied significantly with the number of variations within a person's DNA.

"Take, prostate cancer, for instance, which was the focus of Queensland's contribution to the research," Dr Batra said, also of QUT's Faculty of Health.

"If you're unlucky enough to be in the one per cent of people with lots of these prostate-cancer related variations in your DNA, your risk of developing this disease could rise by nearly 50 per cent compared to the population average."

The new SNP research means scientists now know of 78 genetic variations linked to prostate cancer.

"We found 23 additional genetic variations linked to prostate cancer and 16 of those relate to life-threatening forms of the disease," Dr Batra said.

"We can now explain 35 per cent of the hereditary risk of prostate cancer by combining the effects of these 78 variations - but that means we have 65 per cent to go."

Dr Batra worked closely with fellow IHBI scientists Professor Judith Clements and Srilakshmi Srinivasan, as well as scientists from the Queensland Institute of Medical Research, to help design the SNP chip that analysed the DNA for prostate cancer-released genetic variations.

The analysis involved Queensland prostate cancer patients, whose DNA were compared to that of healthy individuals.

The QUT scientists are currently designing a second chip to isolate the remaining variations.

The SNP research would be used to design genetic tests for prostate cancer, which would complement existing screening technologies.

"These genetic variations are inherited and don't change with age," Professor Clements said.

"That means it's possible to test for the cancer risks well before they actually develop in a person.

"About one in nine men will develop prostate cancer by 80 years of age but not all prostate cancer is life threatening.

"So knowing the genetic composition of a man's DNA becomes an important step in dealing with his disease.

"Doctors would likely opt for regular screening and early surgical removal for patients likely to develop aggressive prostate cancer, but opt for watchful waiting in patients with variations linked to non-aggressive forms."

The generic variation study was led by the UK's University of Cambridge and The Institute of Cancer Research.

It marked the first attempt to identify genetic variations associated with the risk of prostate, breast and ovarian cancer in a very large number of people.

Editor's Note: Original news release can be found here.

Source: http://www.sciencealert.com.au/news/20132803-24201.html

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'My Girl' Star Anna Chlumsky is Pregnant!

Anna Chlumsky is having a baby! Plus, see more stars who are expecting.

Source: http://www.ivillage.com/pregnant-celebrity-photos-look-whos-popping/1-b-18178?dst=iv%3AiVillage%3Apregnant-celebrity-photos-look-whos-popping-18178

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OUYA ships early backer consoles, staggers delivery over the weeks ahead

OUYA console by itself

OUYA is true to its word: the company has confirmed to us that it's shipping the first units of its namesake game console to the many, many people who crowdfunded at a tier high enough to set aside a production system. If you've received a tracking notice, you should expect to have the cuboid at your door in five to ten days, depending on just which corner of the world you live in. Don't be surprised if your inbox remains empty for now, however. OUYA notes that it's spreading delivery over the "coming weeks," which by necessity will leave a few of us twiddling our (currently gamepad-free) thumbs.

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Comments

Source: OUYA

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/03/28/ouya-ships-early-backer-consoles-and-staggers-delivery/

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Even graphene has weak spots

Mar. 28, 2013 ? Graphene, the single-atom-thick form of carbon, has become famous for its extraordinary strength. But less-than-perfect sheets of the material show unexpected weakness, according to researchers at Rice University in Houston and Tsinghua University in Beijing.

The kryptonite to this Superman of materials is in the form of a seven-atom ring that inevitably occurs at the junctions of grain boundaries in graphene, where the regular array of hexagonal units is interrupted. At these points, under tension, polycrystalline graphene has about half the strength of pristine samples of the material.

Calculations by the Rice team of theoretical physicist Boris Yakobson and his colleagues in China were reported this month in the American Chemical Society journal Nano Letters. They could be important to materials scientists using graphene in applications where its intrinsic strength is a key feature, like composite materials and stretchable or flexible electronics.

Graphene sheets grown in a lab, often via chemical vapor deposition, are almost neverperfect arrays of hexagons, Yakobson said. Domains of graphene that start to grow on a substrate are not necessarily lined up with each other, and when these islands merge, they look like quilts, with patterns going in every direction.

The lines in polycrystalline sheets are called grain boundaries, and the atoms at these boundaries are occasionally forced to change the way they bond by the unbreakable rules of topology. Most common of the "defects" in graphene formation studied by Yakobson's group are adjacent five- and seven-atom rings that are a little weaker than the hexagons around them.

The team calculated that the particular seven-atom rings found at junctions of three islands are the weakest points, where cracks are most likely to form. These are the end points of grain boundaries between the islands and are ongoing trouble spots, the researchers found.

"In the past, people studying what happens at the grain boundary looked at it as an infinite line," Yakobson said. "It's simpler that way, computationally and conceptually, because they could just look at a single segment and have it represent the whole."

But in the real world, he said, "these lines form a network. Graphene is usually a quilt made from many pieces. I thought we should test the junctions."

They determined through molecular dynamics simulation and "good old mathematical analysis" that in a graphene quilt, the grain boundaries act like levers that amplify the tension (through a dislocation pileup) and concentrate it at the defect either where the three domains meet or where a grain boundary between two domains ends. "The details are complicated but, basically, the longer the lever, the greater the amplification on the weakest point," Yakobson said. "The force is concentrated there, and that's where it starts breaking."

"Force on these junctions starts the cracks, and they propagate like cracks in a windshield," said Vasilii Artyukhov, a postdoctoral researcher at Rice and co-author of the paper. "In metals, cracks stop eventually because they become blunt as they propagate. But in brittle materials, that doesn't happen. And graphene is a brittle material, so a crack might go a really long way."

Yakobson said that conceptually, the calculations show what metallurgists recognize as the Hall-Petch Effect, a measure of the strength of crystalline materials with similar grain boundaries. "It's one of the pillars of large-scale material mechanics," he said. "For graphene, we call this a pseudo Hall-Petch, because the effect is very similar even though the mechanism is very different.

"Any defect, of course, does something to the material," Yakobson said. "But this finding is important because you cannot avoid the effect in polycrystalline graphene. It's also ironic, because polycrystals are often considered when larger domains are needed. We show that as it gets larger, it gets weaker.

"If you need a patch of graphene for mechanical performance, you'd better go for perfect monocrystals or graphene with rather small domains that reduce the stress concentration."

Co-authors of the paper are graduate student Zhigong Song and his adviser, Zhiping Xu, an associate professor of engineering mechanics at Tsinghua. Xu is a former researcher in Yakobson's group at Rice. Yakobson is Rice's Karl F. Hasselmann Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and professor of chemistry.

The Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the National Science Foundation supported the work at Rice. The National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program and Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology of China supported the work at Tsinghua.

Share this story on Facebook, Twitter, and Google:

Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:


Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Rice University.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Zhigong Song, Vasilii I. Artyukhov, Boris I. Yakobson, Zhiping Xu. Pseudo Hall?Petch Strength Reduction in Polycrystalline Graphene. Nano Letters, 2013; : 130325121321001 DOI: 10.1021/nl400542n

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/xg9lzfuF17M/130328142410.htm

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